Post by Yoris on Mar 23, 2019 4:09:49 GMT -7
I've been trying to find out the rules behind the archaic forms of `my` and `mine` as used in The Book of Mormon (which was translated—by revelation rather than pure scholarship—into English in the 1800's), wherein the words were followed by a noun they possessed (e.g. `my eyes` versus `mine eyes`). Here's what I discovered (using regular expressions to help me search for anomalies):
* `Mine` was only used before nouns it possessed that began with a vowel or `h`. It was never used before any consonant besides `h`.
* `My` was used before anything (whether it possessed nouns that began with consonants, vowels, or `h`)
* Case did not matter. Either form was used when the noun was the subject, direct object, and indirect object.
* `Mine` was more common before a vowel than `my` was, but `my` was more common before `h` than `mine` was.
So, it looks like using `mine` was optional before vowels and `h`, whereas `my` had to be used before consonants that were not `h`.
Anyway, before doing this study, what I had heard from people about archaic English was that `mine` went before nouns that started with vowels (and people disagreed as to whether `h` counted as a vowel). However, no one ever told me that `mine` was an entirely optional form. So, I was confused when I saw `my` being used before vowels.
I examined `thy` and `thine` similarly, and the rules seem to be the same as outlined above (although the statistics for what was most common may differ).
I also was trying to figure out the rules behind how The Book of Mormon used second person pronouns. This is what I discovered:
Singular:
Subject: thou, ye, you
Direct object: thee, you
Indirect object: thee, you
Plural:
Subject: ye, you
Direct object: you
Indirect object: you
Subject: thou, ye, you
Direct object: thee, you
Indirect object: thee, you
Plural:
Subject: ye, you
Direct object: you
Indirect object: you
Notes:
* Now, some of those optional forms are a lot more common than others. However, what most people probably don't realize is that optional forms exist. I mean, `thou`, `ye`, and `you` were all used as a singular subject.
* `Thou` and `thee` are used with different verb conjugations than `ye` and `you`.
As far as I discovered, `you` is always correct for any case form, even if it's more common in some cases than others. `Ye` can be singular or plural, which may surprise people. I didn't discover any rules behind when to use the singular `ye/you` instead of `thou/thee`.
If you're wondering why I'm using backtics instead of quotes, it's because I'm not actually quoting something from a particular passage (but just giving demonstrations), and although quotes might be the way people do that, I feel uncomfortable with it.
Anyway, there's some modern culture that (infrequently) includes usage of the language as used in The Book of Mormon; so, this thread may be helpful to those who are a part of that culture (for instance, in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, people are encouraged to pray using `thee/thou` when addressing God with pronouns, and sometimes people use the language in sacred music, modern or not; similar things are common in hymns that did not originate in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, too). In the 1800's, outside of The Book of Mormon, people usually had other ways of doing grammar. The translation may not reflect the way Joseph Smith actually talked in every regard, but may be more reflective of the grammar in the King James Bible.
[HASH]archaicEnglish [HASH]grammar [HASH]pronouns